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【目的】从分子水平了解中国大蒜种质资源的群体遗传结构和遗传背景。【方法】利用AFLP、SSR和InDel这3种分子标记对国家无性繁殖蔬菜资源圃保存的212份大蒜资源进行检测,通过Mega软件进行最大相似性聚类分析,Structure 2.1软件进行群体遗传结构分析,SSPS软件进行分子标记与大蒜辣素含量和21个数量性状进行一元线性模型检测,考察两者之间的关联性及群体遗传结构的影响。【结果】3种分子标记在212份种质中扩增出502个位点,多态性位点为492个。群体遗传结构与聚类分析均将所有资源划分为5个群体,划分的类别基本一致。然而,群体遗传结构分析划分的5个群体,群内遗传信息多样性指数较小。对212份种质的22个数量性状与分子标记的线型模型分析表明,包括大蒜辣素含量在内的多个数量性状受群体遗传结构的影响较小。【结论】中国大蒜种质资源遗传背景丰富,群体遗传结构对数量性状的分布影响较小,适合进一步进行性状与分子标记之间关联分析研究。
【Objective】 To understand the population genetic structure and genetic background of Chinese garlic germplasm resources at the molecular level. 【Method】 Two hundred and seventy garlic resources preserved in national vegetative vegetable garden were detected by AFLP, SSR and InDel. Cluster analysis was performed by Mega software, population genetic structure was analyzed by Structure 2.1 software, SSPS software for molecular markers and allicin content and 21 quantitative traits of a linear model of testing to examine the correlation between the two and the impact of population genetic structure. 【Result】 The results showed that 502 loci were amplified from 212 germplasms with 492 polymorphic loci. Population genetic structure and cluster analysis all resources are divided into five groups, divided into basically the same category. However, among the five groups divided by genetic structure analysis, the index of genetic information diversity in the population is relatively small. The linear model analysis of 22 quantitative traits and molecular markers in 212 germplasms showed that the quantitative traits including allicin content were less affected by population genetic structure. 【Conclusion】 The germplasm resources of garlic in China are rich in genetic background. The genetic structure of the population has little effect on the distribution of quantitative traits. It is suitable for the further research on the correlation analysis between traits and molecular markers.