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从紫乌头根中分出四种新二萜生物碱,分别命名为紫乌生、紫乌生宁、紫乌亭和紫乌定。根据红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱、氢谱和碳谱以及制备衍生物,证明了前三个生物碱的结构(3,4,5),对紫乌定的结构曾初步推定为(8);后来,经单晶X射线衍射结构分析修正为(9)。此外,作者认为,根据化学结构特点应从C_(19)二萜生物碱中划分出C-4失甲基的一类生物碱,称C_(18)二萜生物碱。
Four new diterpene alkaloids were isolated from the roots of A. arborescens and named as Ziwusheng, Ziwusheng, Ziwuting and Ziwuding respectively. The structures of the first three alkaloids (3,4,5) were proved by infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, hydrogen spectroscopy, and carbon spectroscopy, as well as the preparation of derivatives. The structure of Ziwuding was presumed to be (8). Later, the single crystal X-ray diffraction structure analysis was revised to (9). In addition, the author believes that according to the chemical structure characteristics, C-(19) diterpene alkaloids should be divided into a class of alkaloids with C-4 methylation, called C 18 diterpene alkaloids.