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利用显微解剖和石蜡切片技术,对四季桂品种群中‘四季桂’(Osmanthus fragrans‘Sijigui’)不同季节的花芽分化及开花特性进行研究。‘四季桂’一年成花3次,分别于3月初、6月上旬和10月底开始花芽分化,4月下旬、8月底和11月底完成,分别历时约2个月、2个半月和1个月。6月开始的花芽分化和开花过程与秋桂品种群基本相似,分化后需要低温才能开花,最终形成聚伞花序,无总梗,花粉发育正常。而10月底分化的花芽在完成分化后随即开花,形成的花序有总梗,且有伸长与未伸长之分,长度分别为(0.80±0.11)cm和(3.50±0.71)cm。3月分化的花芽与新梢同时生长发育,分化完成后随即开花。春季和冬季的两次分化形成的均是圆锥状花序,具总梗,花粉均败育。结果表明‘四季桂’自身存在着不同的成花机制。
The floral bud differentiation and flowering characteristics of ’Osmanthus fragrans’Sijigui’ in different seasons were studied using microdissection and paraffin sections. ’Siji Gui’ blossom three times a year, respectively, in early March, early June and end of October began to flower bud differentiation, late April, late August and the end of November to complete the lasted about 2 months, 2 and a half months and 1 month. The process of flower bud differentiation and flowering beginning in June was basically similar to that of Qiu Gua goods. After differentiation, low temperature was required for flowering, and the cymbidium eventually formed without total stems. The pollen development was normal. At the end of October, the flower buds differentiated and then flowered. The inflorescences formed were total stems with elongation and non-elongation, and the lengths were (0.80 ± 0.11) cm and (3.50 ± 0.71) cm, respectively. March bud and shoot differentiation at the same time the growth and development, differentiation immediately after the flowering. The formation of two differentiation in spring and winter are conical inflorescences, with the total stems, pollen aborted. The results show that ’Siji Gui’ itself has a different mechanism of flower formation.