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目的 :采用逆行性膀胱造影和排泄尿道造影 ,显示后尿道瓣膜及并发的尿路梗阻征象。从而做出影像学诊断。将球囊导管插入后尿道扩张、疏通后尿道膜性梗阻。方法 :应用以上方法诊断后尿道瓣膜 16例 ,患儿年龄 3个月～ 4岁 ,平均年龄 2岁 6个月。本组病例中 3例经造影诊断后行外科手术治疗 ,13例采用后尿道球囊治疗。 16例患儿均有出生后排尿困难、尿线不连贯、滴沥状临床特点。结果 :12例造影中直接显示后尿道瓣膜负影 ,全部病例均显示后尿道不同程度扩张及阻塞性膀胱造影征象。 8例显示不同程度膀胱输尿管反流。 13例接受球囊治疗患儿术后一周均可自行正常排尿 ,经 1～ 3年追踪随访其疗效稳定。结论 :应用逆行性膀胱造影和排泄性尿道造影能够较满意显示后尿道瓣膜病理影像 ,球囊扩张术能够安全有效的疏通后尿道膜性梗阻
OBJECTIVE: To retrograde cystography and voiding urethroplasty to show signs of posterior urethral valves and concurrent urinary tract obstruction. To make imaging diagnosis. The balloon catheter inserted urethral dilatation, clear the urethral membranous obstruction. Methods: The above method was used to diagnose posterior urethral valve in 16 cases. The children aged 3 months to 4 years old, with an average age of 2 years and 6 months. Three cases in this group were diagnosed by angiography after surgical treatment, 13 cases of urethral balloon therapy. 16 cases of children have dysuria after birth, urinary incontinence, drop drip clinical features. Results: Negative posterior urethral valves were directly displayed in 12 cases of angiography. All cases showed different degrees of posterior urethral dilatation and signs of obstructive cystography. 8 cases showed varying degrees of vesicoureteral reflux. Thirteen patients received balloon therapy for one week after surgery can be normal urination, follow-up after 1 to 3 years, the effect was stable. Conclusions: The application of retrograde cystography and excretory urethroplasty can show the posterior urethral valve pathological image satisfactorily. Balloon dilation can safely and effectively clear the posterior urethral membranous obstruction