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目的:了解新形势下某院注射剂不良反应的特点和规律,并探讨其对临床工作的意义。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,收集某院近3年所有上报的注射剂不良反应报告,按照性别、年龄、原发病、既往过敏史、药品品种、损害表现进行统计分析。结果:年龄(45岁为界)和既往过敏史是影响不良反应发生率的重要因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不良反应人群中以慢性基础性疾病患者比例较大,药品品种以抗菌药所占比例最高,损害类型以变态反应和肝损害为主。结论:全面了解患者情况是进行诊疗的基础,医护人员设计给药方案和实际用药前应该根据患者的年龄、基础疾病、过敏及不良反应史结合拟用药物进行药品不良反应风险判断,对高危患者除了应该谨慎选择药物外,用药时和用药后还应该予以药学监护,对出现的不适应注意严重不良反应发生的可能。
Objective: To understand the characteristics and laws of adverse reactions of a hospital injection in a new situation and to explore its significance for clinical work. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to collect all reported adverse reactions of injection in the past 3 years in a hospital. Statistical analysis was made on the basis of sex, age, primary disease, previous allergy history, drug variety and damage performance. Results: Age (45 years old) and history of previous allergy were the important factors affecting the incidence of adverse reactions, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The proportion of patients with chronic basic diseases was higher in the adverse reaction group. The highest proportion of antimicrobial agents, the type of damage to allergy and liver damage based. Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of the patient’s condition is the basis for diagnosis and treatment. Before designing a medication regimen and actual medication, the medical staff should judge the risk of adverse drug reactions based on the patient’s age, underlying disease, allergy and adverse reaction history, In addition to careful selection of drugs, the medication should be taken after the medication and medication, the emergence of inappropriate attention to the possibility of serious adverse reactions.