论文部分内容阅读
目的通过了解深圳市盐田区犬、猫等动物伤暴露者流行病学特征,对预防处置工作进行评价,探讨狂犬病的防治对策。方法收集深圳市盐田区2008—2012年狂犬病暴露者资料,并采用描述流行病学方法,对暴露者的暴露情况和预防处置情况进行分析。结果 2008—2012年间因狂犬病暴露到犬伤门诊就诊的患者共有4 592例,年平均暴露率为405.20/10万。暴露人数发病呈周期性单峰分布,暴露人群主要为青壮年,男性多于女性。伤人动物中以宠物犬和家养犬为主。2008—2012年间暴露后接种狂犬疫苗人数为3 558人,全程接种率为90.52%。结论降低狂犬病暴露,应以养犬家庭为重点人群,开展宣传教育,加强管理。为提高狂犬病暴露后预防处置的规范性,应加强犬伤门诊医护的培训,并建议加强狂犬病暴露监测信息化的建设。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of animal exposures in dogs and cats in Yantian District of Shenzhen City, evaluate the prevention and treatment work, and discuss the prevention and treatment measures of rabies. Methods The data of rabies exposed from 2008 to 2012 in Yantian District of Shenzhen City were collected, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the exposure and prevention of the exposed persons. Results A total of 4 592 cases of rabies patients were exposed during the period from 2008 to 2012, the annual average exposure rate was 405.20 / 100,000. The incidence of exposure showed a cyclical unimodal distribution, exposed mainly young adults, more men than women. Wounding animals to pet dogs and domestic dogs based. The number of rabies vaccine vaccinated during 2008-2012 was 3 558 after vaccination, and the whole vaccination rate was 90.52%. Conclusions To reduce the exposure of rabies, we should take raising dogs as the key group, carry out publicity and education and strengthen management. In order to improve the standardization of prevention and treatment after rabies exposure, we should strengthen the training of outpatient medical care in dogs and suggest to strengthen the construction of rabies exposure monitoring information.