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目的了解四川省崇州市儿童急性病毒性扁桃体炎的流行病学特征。方法采集2013年1~12月在我院儿科住院的220例急性扁桃体炎患儿的血清,应用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测血清中的乙型流感病毒(IBV)、副流感病毒(PIV)、甲型流感病毒(IAV)、腺病毒(ADV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)的特异性Ig M抗体。结果 1220例患儿中,病毒特异性Ig M阳性117例,总阳性率为53.18%,其中IBV Ig M阳性52例,PIV Ig M阳性17例,IAV Ig M阳性12例,ADV Ig M阳性10例,RSV Ig M阳性0例。混合感染以IBV+PIV、IBV+IAV、IBV+ADV为主。2≤1岁、~3岁和>3岁3个年龄组总感染率依次为33.3%、61.39%和50%。在≤1岁组中,PIV、IBV、ADV阳性率为18.52%、7.41%和7.41%;~3岁组IBV、PIV、IAV阳性率为29.70%、7.92%和4.95%;>3岁组IBV、IAV、PIV、ADV阳性率为21.74%、7.61%、4.35%和4.35%。各年龄组间总的感染例数比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.377,P=0.025);总感染例数两两比较,≤1岁与~3岁组差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.788,P=0.009)。3春夏秋冬四季病毒的阳性率依次为77%、43%、47%和53%。各季节组间总的感染率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=7.147,P=0.067)。结论 2013年崇州市儿童急性扁桃体炎病毒感染率高,以常见的流感病毒和腺病毒感染为主。发病的高发年龄是1岁以上的儿童。病毒感染无明显的季节性。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of acute viral tonsillitis in Chongzhou City, Sichuan Province. Methods Serum samples of 220 children with acute tonsillitis who were hospitalized in pediatrics from January 2013 to December 2013 were collected. Serum samples were collected for the detection of influenza B virus (IBV), parainfluenza virus (PIV) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) , Specific influenza A virus (IAV), adenovirus (ADV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Results Among the 1220 children, 117 cases were positive for virus-specific IgM, the total positive rate was 53.18%. Among them, 52 cases were positive for IBV Ig M, 17 cases were positive for PIV Ig M, 12 cases were positive for IAV Ig M and 10 cases were positive for ADV Ig M Cases, RSV Ig M positive in 0 cases. Mixed infection with IBV + PIV, IBV + IAV, IBV + ADV dominated. The total infection rates of 2≤1 year old, 3 years old and> 3 years old were 33.3%, 61.39% and 50% respectively. The positive rates of IBV, PIV and IAV were ~ 29.70%, 7.92% and 4.95% in the group of ~ 3 years old, respectively. The positive rates of PIV, IBV and ADV were 18.52%, 7.41% and 7.41% The positive rates of IAV, PIV and ADV were 21.74%, 7.61%, 4.35% and 4.35% respectively. The total number of cases of infection among all age groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 7.377, P = 0.025). The total number of cases of infection was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 6.788, P = 0.009). The positive rates of virus in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 77%, 43%, 47% and 53% respectively. There was no significant difference in the total infection rates among the groups (χ2 = 7.147, P = 0.067). Conclusion The prevalence of acute tonsillitis virus in children in Chongzhou in 2013 was high, with the most common influenza virus and adenovirus infection. The incidence of high incidence of age 1 year old children. No significant seasonal viral infection.