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通气功能障碍分阻塞性、限制性和混合性,其中以阻塞性通气障碍最为突出。造成阻塞性通气障碍的病理生理基础是气道狭窄,呼、吸气流受阻。引起气道狭窄的病因不外乎:(1)管腔内分泌物堆积或吸入外来异物;(2)管壁粘膜肿胀增厚,平滑肌痉挛收缩;(3)管外压迫或支气管周围肺弹性收缩力减退,丧失对支气管的放射状牵拉作用。如狭窄部位在上呼吸道或气管、主支气管,引起吸气性通气受阻,中、小气道弥漫性狭窄,引起呼气性通气障碍。后者临床多见。慢性阻塞性肺疾患(COPD)是呼气性阻塞性
Ventilation dysfunction sub-obstruction, restrictive and mixed, of which the most prominent obstructive ventilatory disorders. Obstructive airway obstruction caused by the pathophysiology of airway stenosis, call, inspiratory flow blocked. Causes of airway stenosis is nothing more than: (1) lumen secretions or inhalation of foreign body foreign matter; (2) thickening of the wall mucosal swelling, smooth muscle spasm contraction; (3) external compression or bronchial lung elastic contractility Diminish, loss of radial traction on the bronchus. Such as the stenosis in the upper respiratory tract or trachea, the main bronchus, causing obstruction of ventilatory ventilation, diffuse stenosis, causing exhaled ventilatory disorders. The latter clinical more common. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is expired obstructive