一、前言 用少量过渡金属添加剂强化难熔金属烧结以期降低烧结温度,改善材料性能,由于其节能和发展新型材料的潜力而受到多年来的广泛重视。在对其致密化的探讨中,苏联学者提出了电子构型效应的解释。美国的German等人提出了予测添加剂烧结效应的定量模型。近年来进一步试图总结和概括选择有效添加剂的判据,指出:能强化致密化过程的添加剂必须满足在溶解度、偏析、扩散三方面的要求。添加剂与基体钨 I. INTRODUCTION Reinforcing refractory metal sintering with a small amount of transition metal additives with a view to reducing the sintering temperature and improving the properties of materials has received much attention over the years due to its potential for saving energy and developing new materials. In its discussion of densification, Soviet scholars proposed the explanation of the electronic configuration effect. The German German et al. Proposed a quantitative model to predict the sintering effect of additives. In recent years, further attempts to summarize and summarize the criteria for the selection of effective additives, pointed out: additives that can enhance the densification process must meet the requirements of solubility, segregation, diffusion. Additives and matrix tungsten