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目的探讨特发性高钙尿症(IH)的临床特点及与泌尿系结石的关系。方法分析52例确诊为IH患儿的临床资料特点,并结合文献讨论其与泌尿系结石发生的关系。结果52例患儿均有不同程度血尿,其中41例患儿行腹部B超和X线平片检查及静脉肾盂造影检查,发现肾结石5例。调查52例患儿家族史发现15例家族中有泌尿系结石患者,6例同胞中有类似血尿患者,较正常对照组家族的尿结石发病率明显增高(P<0.05)。52例患儿进行钙负荷试验,其中肠道吸收亢进型29例,肾脏漏出型23例。结论除血尿外,泌尿系结石也是IH的常见临床表现,尤其见于高钙尿状态持续时间较长者。IH与家族泌尿系结石的发病有密切关系,有遗传倾向。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) and its relationship with urolithiasis. Methods The clinical data of 52 children diagnosed as IH were analyzed and their relationship with urolithiasis was discussed in combination with the literature. Results 52 cases of children with varying degrees of hematuria, including 41 cases of abdominal ultrasound and X-ray examination and intravenous pyelography, found in 5 cases of kidney stones. A total of 52 children with family history of urolithiasis were investigated in 52 children with similar hematuria in 6 siblings. The incidence of urinary stones was significantly higher in the family members than in the control group (P <0.05). Fifty-two children underwent calcium load test, including 29 cases of intestinal absorption and 23 cases of renal leakage. Conclusion In addition to hematuria, urolithiasis is also a common clinical manifestation of IH, especially in those with longer duration of hypercalciuria. IH and the incidence of family urinary stones are closely related, genetic predisposition.