论文部分内容阅读
现今是以政府为主导的大政府时代。随着提供收入维持、医疗保健和住房的这种保障项目在二战后的大量扩张,福利国家变成了所有发达工业民主国家的一个内在组成部分。但是,尽管现代化福利国家的发展改良了市场的运作方式,70年代西方国家的滞涨现象和社会动荡更加深刻的印证了一点,即私营经济的健康发展与社会保障项目的政治地位之间存在着紧密的关联。因此自1970年代以来,在政治经济的实践和思考上随处可见朝向新自由主义的急剧转变。各国通过松绑、私有化、国家从社会供给领域中退出等手段进行了一系列以重新界定国家与个人责任、提高福利供给效率、收缩政府财政支出等为目的的社会福利紧缩改革。本文将以新自由主义的观点对里根的改革进行分析。
Today is a government-led big government era. With the provision of such services as income maintenance, health care and housing expansion after World War II, the welfare state became an integral part of all developed industrial democracies. However, although the development of the modern welfare state improved the operation of the market, the stagflation phenomenon and social unrest in the western countries in the 1970s more profoundly confirmed the existence of the relationship between the healthy development of the private economy and the political status of social security programs Closely linked. Therefore, since the 1970s, the sharp transformation toward neoliberalism can be seen everywhere in the political and economic practice and thinking. Countries have carried out a series of social welfare austerity reforms aimed at redefining the responsibilities of the state and the individual, improving the efficiency of welfare provision, and reducing government fiscal expenditure through such means as relaxation, privatization and the state’s exit from the sphere of social supply. This article will analyze Reagan’s reforms from the neo-liberal perspective.