目的 :探讨鳞癌抗原水平在鳞癌诊断和疗效观察的作用。方法 :采用微粒子酶免疫测定 504例不同组癌瘤患者、 60例良性疾病及 70例正常人血清，观察其在诊断上的敏感性和特异性及其与疗效的关系。结果 :鳞癌抗原在治疗前鳞癌患者血清中阳性率与正常对照组、治疗后组、非鳞癌组、良性疾病组有显著性差异（ P0.05）。不同临床分期中，其阳性率为Ⅰ期 24.2％，Ⅱ期 49.5％，Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期 79.3％。 结论 :鳞癌抗原是鳞状细胞癌特异性较高的肿瘤标志物，其抗原水平与临床分期有一定关系，对肿瘤好转、发展、复发的判断有重要意义，但对肿瘤早期诊断帮助不大。 Objective: To investigate the role of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in the diagnosis and curative effect observation of squamous cell carcinoma. Methods : Microsomal enzyme immunoassay was used to measure the serum of 504 patients with different groups, 60 patients with benign diseases and 70 normal controls. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis and its relationship with efficacy were observed. Results: The positive rate of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in serum of patients with pre-treatment squamous cell carcinoma was significantly different from that in normal control group, post-treatment group, non-squamous cell carcinoma group and benign disease group (P<0.05). In different clinical stages, the positive rate was 24.2% for phase I, 49.5% for phase II, and 79.3% for phase III+IV. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen is a tumor marker with high specificity for squamous cell carcinoma. Its antigen level has a certain relationship with clinical stage. It is of great significance for the judgment of tumor improvement, development, and recurrence, but it does not help early diagnosis of tumor. .