导轨研伤和磨损是机床运转中常见的故障。目前我国在导轨修理中常用的工艺方法是银铜钎焊、锡铋合金钎焊和电弧焊等。用钎焊法焊补的导轨硬度较低,耐磨性较差,结合强度也低;用电弧焊修复导轨硬度虽高但不易加工,而且机床因受热易变形,故不宜用于大面积研伤和重载荷高精度机床。近年来,北京内燃机总厂和北京二七机车车辆工厂等单位,将等离子喷涂工艺用于大面积拉伤导轨的修复,取得了良好的效果。例如这两厂最近共同修复 Traversing and wear of the guide rail are common faults in the operation of the machine tool. At present, the commonly used method of rail repairs in China is silver brazing, tin-bismuth alloy brazing and arc welding. Welding with brazing welding rail hardness is lower, less wear resistance, bonding strength is low; arc welding repair rail hardness is high, but not easy to process, and the machine is easy to deformation due to heat, it is not suitable for large areas of wounds And heavy-duty high-precision machine tools. In recent years, Beijing Internal Combustion Engine Plant and Beijing Erqi locomotive and rolling stock factory and other units, the plasma spraying process for large area rail injury repair, and achieved good results. For example, these two plants have recently been jointly repaired