日本对教育的重视在世界范围内有目共睹,第二次世界大战以后,日本制定了“教育兴邦”的国策,全国范围内积极开展教育活动,对博物馆教育职能的重视自不在言下。2007年,日本政府公布了决议修改的社会教育法、图书馆法和博物馆法。博物馆法的修订,加之日本政府对终生学习制度的倡导,更是使得博物馆这一能够针对不同人群提供不同教育项目的社会公众教育机构得到了空前的关注。本文就日本博物馆的公众教育,按照人生的不同阶段,即儿童、学校、终生学习三个大的时期,举例说明和介绍了日本博物馆在这三方面所展开的公众教育活动。希望能够对国内博物馆的公众教育活动的展开提供些许启发。 Japan’s emphasis on education is well known all over the world. After the Second World War, Japan formulated its national policy of “enlightening the nation by education”, and actively carried out educational activities throughout the country. This lay stress on the importance attached to museum education. In 2007, the Japanese government announced the revised Social Education Law, Library Law and Museum Law. The revision of the museum law, combined with the Japanese government’s advocacy of a lifelong learning system, has made the museum an unprecedented focus on social public education institutions that provide different education programs for different groups of people. In this paper, the public education of Japanese museums is illustrated and introduced in the three major periods of life, namely children, school and lifelong learning. The public education activities of Japanese museum in these three aspects are illustrated. Hoping to provide some inspiration for the public education activities in the museums in China.