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青菜(B.chinensisl)是上海地区的主要叶菜类蔬菜,又是解决夏、冬淡季的重要品种,但存在种性退化、病害严重、产量不稳的问题。为了培养抗病、高产的优良品种,1976～1977年对青菜12个杂种一代和品种的花药进行了离体培养,都获得了愈伤组织,在5个杂种一代和品种上获得了绿苗,发现MS培养基在诱导愈伤组织和分化绿苗上都有较好的结果。所有试验材料均未发现白化苗,但青菜中有畸形绿苗,对部分植株根尖作了细胞学观察,鉴定到有单倍体植株和二倍体植株。现将试验初步结果报告如下:
B.chinensis is the main leafy vegetable in Shanghai and is also an important species to solve the summer and winter off-season, but it has the problems of degeneration, serious disease and unstable yield. In order to cultivate excellent disease-resistant and high-yielding cultivars, anther culture of 12 hybrids and varieties of Chinese cabbage was conducted in vitro from 1976 to 1977, and callus was obtained. Green seedlings were obtained on 5 hybrids and varieties, MS medium was found to induce callus and differentiation of green seedlings have better results. No albino seedlings were found in all the tested materials, but there were abnormal green seedlings in the vegetables. Cytological observations were made on the root tips of some plants, and haploid plants and diploid plants were identified. Now the preliminary results of the trial are reported as follows: