宫内节育器(简称IUD)用做非永久性的避孕方法可以追溯到古代,但仅在本世纪才发展成为有效的避孕工具广泛用于全世界。自1968年Scott报导危重疾病和死亡与宫内节育器有关以来,近十年期间,大量的研究报导了这种避孕方法对使用者的危险性,其中盆腔炎症(简称PID),子宫穿孔,异位妊娠,自然流产或感染性流产是特别重要的合并症。 The use of IUDs as non-permanent methods of contraception dates back to ancient times, but it has become widely available throughout the world as an effective contraceptive only in this century. Since 1968, Scott reports that critical illness and death have been linked to IUD, a large body of research has reported on the dangers of this method of contraception for users during the past decade. Among them, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), uterine perforation, Pregnancy, spontaneous or infectious abortion is a particularly important complication.