应激蛋白几乎存在于所有受到环境应激影响的生物体,包括细菌、植物、动物和人,甚至是培养的活细胞与组织内。由于应激蛋白首先是在经过非致命性热处理的果蝇中被发现的,因此又称为“热休克蛋白(Heat shock protein;Hsp)。除热应激作用外,乙醇、Cd_(2+)等重金属离子、氨基酸类似物、过氧化氢或氧自由基等化学因素及冷损伤、感染、缺血等也诱导热休克蛋白的合成。应激蛋白合成的增加被认为是生物应答各种不同物理、化学及其它外环境对其 Stress proteins are found in almost all organisms affected by environmental stress, including bacteria, plants, animals and humans, even cultured living cells and tissues. Since stress proteins were first found in Drosophila after non-lethal heat treatment, they are also called “heat shock protein” (Hsp) .In addition to heat stress, ethanol, Cd 2+, Other heavy metal ions, amino acid analogues, hydrogen peroxide or oxygen free radicals and other chemical factors and cold injury, infection, ischemia, also induced the synthesis of heat shock protein. The increase of stress protein synthesis is considered biological response to a variety of different physical , Chemical and other external environment on it