Coal industry has a long history in China. Based on historical documents and archaeological studies, Hebi coal mine site in Henan province is one of the eariiest in China though no agreement on the date of the site has been reached. This paper, on the basis of the excavation and the artifacts from the site, proposes that the site was explored during the Northern Song Dynasty. Based on historical documents and archaeological studies, Hebi coal mine site in Henan province is one of the eariiest in China though no agreement on the date of the site has been reached. This paper, on the basis of the excavation and the artifacts from the site, that that site was explored during the Northern Song Dynasty.