本文对354例有上消化道症状的小儿胃粘膜活检标本进行组织学观察,有病理改变者284例(80.2%),主要为淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润及充血水肿,常伴有活动性病变及固有膜淋巴滤泡形成。病理类型以慢性浅表性胃炎为主,占75.1%;慢性萎缩性胃炎及胃溃疡各占3.4%及1.4%。肠上皮化生检出率3.7%,均为小肠型。幽门螺杆菌(HP)检出率为33.9%,其中组织学正常者阳性率仅占1.4%,慢性活动性胃炎中阳性率高达84.4%。结果表明小儿胃粘膜病变相对较轻,病理类型较单纯,小儿慢性胃炎尤其是活动性胃炎与 HP 关系密切。 In this paper, 354 cases of upper gastrointestinal symptoms of gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were histological observation, pathological changes were 284 cases (80.2%), mainly lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltration and congestion and edema, often accompanied by active lesions and Inherent membranous lymphoid follicle formation. Pathological type of chronic superficial gastritis, accounting for 75.1%; chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer each accounted for 3.4% and 1.4%. Intestinal metaplasia detection rate of 3.7%, are small intestine type. Helicobacter pylori (HP) detection rate was 33.9%, of which histological positive rate was only 1.4%, chronic active gastritis in the positive rate of 84.4%. The results showed that gastric lesions in children is relatively mild, more pure pathological type, chronic gastritis in children, especially active gastritis and HP are closely related.