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研究黄土高原不同植被类型对土壤细菌微生物多样性的影响,对发挥土壤潜在肥力、了解土壤健康状况,实现植被的管理与可持续利用有着重要的意义.本文选取黄土高原4种草原植被与4种乔木林植被的表层土壤(0~5 cm)为研究对象,利用第二代高通量测序技术454 Hi Seq对其进行16S r DNA V1~V3可变区的高通量测序,分析土壤细菌的Alpha多样性、物种组成和丰度,并研究土壤性质对细菌群落结构的影响.结果表明,所测土壤样品中共检测到细菌的36个门,84个纲,187个目,优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes),主要的优势菌纲为放线杆菌纲(Actinobacteria)、α-变形菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌纲(Acidobacteria)、β-变形菌纲(β-Proteobacteria)、浮霉菌纲(Planctomycetacia).草原植被土壤分布更多的是Actinobacteria,森林植被土壤分布更多的是Proteobacteria.Proteobacteria与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷呈显著的相关性,其相对丰富度主要受土壤碳氮磷含量的限制.Actinobacteria的生长主要受土壤pH、水分和土壤有机质的影响.通过RDA分析发现,影响黄土高原土壤细菌分布的主要土壤因子是土壤水分,这些结果丰富了黄土高原土壤微生物多样性的理论知识,而且可为黄土高原植被恢复模式的选择提供理论依据.
Studying the influence of different vegetation types on soil microbial diversity in the Loess Plateau plays an important role in exerting potential soil fertility, understanding soil health status, achieving management and sustainable utilization of vegetation.This paper selects four kinds of grassland vegetation and four species The topsoil (0 ~ 5 cm) of the arbor forest was selected as the research object. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S r DNA V1 ~ V3 variable region was performed using the second generation high-throughput sequencing technique 454 Hi Seq. Alpha diversity, species composition and abundance, and the effects of soil properties on the bacterial community structure were studied.The results showed that a total of 36 phylum, 84 classes and 187 orders of bacteria were detected in the soil samples tested, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes. The main dominant bacteria are Actinobacteria, α Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, β-Proteobacteria and Planctomycetacia.The distribution of soil in grassland vegetation is more Actinobacteria, The distribution of soil in forest vegetation is more of Proteobacteria.Proteobacteria has significant correlation with soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and its relative abundance is mainly limited by soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content.The growth of Actinobacteria is mainly affected by soil pH, Soil organic matter.According to RDA analysis, it is found that the main soil factor affecting soil bacterial distribution in the Loess Plateau is soil moisture, and these results enrich the theoretical knowledge of soil microbial diversity in the Loess Plateau and provide theoretical basis for the selection of the vegetation restoration model in the Loess Plateau in accordance with.