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目的分析2012年和2016年急诊抢救无效死亡的儿童病例的临床特点。方法回顾性分析北京儿童医院急诊科2012年和2016年收治并经抢救无效死亡的241例患儿的临床资料及病例特点,比较患儿的性别、年龄、死亡原因。结果 2012年和2016年死亡的患儿分别为122例和119例。2012年死亡病例中,男71例(58.2%),女51例(41.8%);其中0~28 d的新生儿20例(16.4%),29 d至1岁70例(57.4%),>1~3岁13例(10.7%),>3~6岁10例(8.2%),>6岁9例(7.4%);死亡原因以先天性疾病(53/122,43.4%)最多,感染性疾病(38/122,31.1%)次之,意外伤害(17/122,13.9%)居第3,血液病和肿瘤(14/122,11.5%)居第4。2016年死亡病例中,男70例(58.8%),女49例(41.2%);其中0~28 d的新生儿24例(20.2%),29 d至1岁60例(50.4%),>1~3岁20例(16.8%),>3~6岁8例(6.7%),>6岁7例(5.9%);死亡原因以先天性疾病(55/119,46.2%)最多,血液病和肿瘤(47/119,39.5%)次之,感染性疾病(11/119,9.2%)和意外伤害(6/119,5.0%)居第3和第4。2012年因血液病和肿瘤死亡的总人数为14例,其中,0~1岁、>1~3岁、>3~6岁、>6岁分别为1例(7.1%)、2例(14.3%)、4例(28.6%)、7例(50.0%);2016年因血液病和肿瘤死亡的总人数为47例,其中0~1岁、>1~3岁、>3~6岁、>6岁分别为29例(61.7%)、10例(21.3%)、4例(8.5%)、4例(8.5%)。与2012年比较,2016年感染性疾病和意外伤害显著减少,血液病和肿瘤显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与2012年相比,2016年感染性疾病及意外伤害所致死亡比例明显下降;血液病和肿瘤占比显著升高,且年龄有降低趋势。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of children who died of emergency treatment in 2012 and 2016. Methods The clinical data and case characteristics of 241 children admitted to Emergency Department of Beijing Children ’s Hospital in 2012 and 2016 who died after rescue were retrospectively analyzed. The gender, age and cause of death were compared. Results The deaths in 2012 and 2016 were 122 and 119, respectively. Among the deaths in 2012, 71 (58.2%) were male and 51 (41.8%) were female, of which 20 (16.4%) were neonates between 0 and 28 days and 70 (29.4% 13 cases (10.7%) were 1-3 years old, 10 cases (8.2%) were aged> 3-6 years and 9 cases (7.4%) were> 6 years old. The causes of death were congenital diseases (53 / 122,43.4% (38/122, 31.1%), followed by accidental injury (17 / 122,13.9%), blood disease and cancer (14 / 122,11.5%) ranked No. 4. Among the deaths in 2016, male 70 cases (58.8%) and 49 cases (41.2%) were women. Among them, 24 (20.2%) newborns from 0 to 28 days, 60 (50.4%) from 1 to 29 years old and 20 16.8%), 8 patients (6.7%) aged> 3-6 years and 7 patients (5.9%)> 6 years old. The causes of death were congenital diseases (55 / 119,46.2%), blood diseases and tumors , 39.5%) followed by infectious diseases (11 / 119,9.2%) and accidental injuries (6 / 119,5.0%) ranked No. 3 and No. 4. The total number of deaths due to blood diseases and tumors in 2012 was 14 (7.1%), 2 cases (14.3%), 4 cases (28.6%), 7 cases (50.0%), %). The total number of deaths from blood diseases and tumors in 2016 was 47 cases, of which, 29 cases (61.7%) were 0-1 years old,> 1-3 years old,> 3-6 years old and> 6 years old, respectively. (21.3%), 4 cases (8.5%) and 4 cases (8.5%). Compared with 2012, infectious diseases and accidental injuries were significantly reduced in 2016, blood diseases and tumors were significantly increased, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Compared with 2012, the proportion of deaths caused by infectious diseases and accidental injuries decreased significantly in 2016; the proportion of blood diseases and tumors increased significantly, and the age decreased.