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在砂梨(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)中首次发现新高系梨绝大多数品种为雄性不育品种(品系),运用5种方法对其进行了鉴定:形态学观测花药、花粉情况;花粉离体培养法;整体染色透明法对花药显微观测;石蜡切片解剖法对大蕾期花药、花粉囊、花粉显微观测;田间授粉试验。结果表明:新高系梨9个品种中除’早生黄金’梨为雄性可育品种外,其它8个品种即’新高’、’黄金’、’水晶’、’荣山’、’天皇’、’金秋’、’晚大新高’、’农家新高’均无正常花粉或正常花粉极少,为花粉败育,属孢子发生性雄性不育类型,且其雄性不育程度存在一定差异。
In Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai, the most cultivars of new high pear were found as male sterile varieties (lines), and were identified by five methods: morphological observation of anther and pollen; pollen in vitro culture ; Whole stained transparent method of anther microscopic observation; paraffin section dissection method anther large anther, pollen sac, pollen microscopic observations; field pollination test. The results showed that among the 9 cultivars of Xinyao pear, except for the ’early golden pear’ which is the male fertile cultivar, the other 8 cultivars were new high, gold, crystal, There were no normal pollen or normal pollen in autumn, new height in late rice and new height in farm. Pollen abortion was a type of male sterility with spore, and there was a certain difference in male sterility.