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讨论了毛细管等电聚焦中所涉及的问题，如分离机理、电渗、迁移方法、检测器及其应用。由于毛细管等电聚焦操作方式的多样性，使其可适用于不同的仪器条件。非交联丙烯酰胺涂层能很好地消除电渗和蛋白吸附；而采用未处理的毛细管时，动态涂敷纤维素类亲水聚合物对碱性和中性蛋白亦能取得较好的分离效果。电荷耦合器件成像检测器尚待进一步发展才能成为常用的检测工具。对于复杂样品来说，仍需解决的问题是保证在较宽的ｐＨ范围内ｐＩ的线性。
The problems involved in isoelectric focusing of capillaries are discussed, such as separation mechanism, electroosmosis, migration methods, detectors and their applications. Due to the diversity of capillary isoelectric focusing modes of operation, it is suitable for different instrument conditions. Non-cross-linked acrylamide coating can well eliminate the electroosmosis and protein adsorption; while using untreated capillary, dynamic coating of cellulose hydrophilic polymer for alkaline and neutral protein can also get a better separation effect. Charge-coupled device imaging detector needs to be further developed to become a common detection tool. The issue that remains to be solved for complex samples is to ensure the linearity of the pI over a wide pH range.