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为选择适宜鄂西山区栽培的早实核桃品种(系),分2次共引进西南、华北核桃产区21个品种(系),分别在海拔1 200 m、145 m建立品种(系)比较试验园,调查各品种(系)的物候期、生长习性和抗寒性。结果表明:品种(系)单株孕雄能力随着树龄的增加而增加;在海拔1 200 m试验点,漾濞大泡、华林大白壳幼龄林休眠期间发生2~3级冻害,云新系列核桃品种(系)萌芽期主芽受晚霜危害的概率较高。在海拔145 m试验点,核桃黑水病、根腐病危害重,品种(系)保存率低;铁核桃抗核桃黑水病、根腐病的能力强,本区域核桃基地建设适宜选择铁核桃作砧木。综合比较结果表明,本地区域宜选择云新系列、鲁光、香玲、中林、清香等品种(系)开展海拔区域试验研究。
In order to select the suitable early-maturing walnut cultivars (lines) cultivated in mountainous areas of western Hubei Province, 21 varieties (lines) of walnut-growing areas in southwestern and northern China were introduced in two times, and the comparative experiments (varieties) were established at an altitude of 1200 m and 145 m respectively Park, the investigation of all varieties (lines) phenology, growth habits and cold resistance. The results showed that: the male-male fertility of varieties (lines) increased with the increase of the tree age. At the test point of 1 200 m above sea level, the second to third frost damage occurred during the dormancy of young white-shelled forest of Yangbi, Series walnut varieties (lines) Bud bud main injury by night cream higher probability. In the test point of 145 m above sea level, walnut black-water disease and root-rot disease were seriously harmed, and the variety (line) preservation rate was low. The ability of walnut to resist walnut black-water disease and root rot was strong, and the walnut base construction in this region was suitable for iron walnut For rootstocks. The results of the comprehensive comparison show that the new region of Yunnan should choose the new series of Lü Guang, Hong Ling, Zhong Lin, Fragrance and other varieties (lines) to carry out altitude regional experimental study.