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目的分析在鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程建议预设的调度水位及血防调蓄水位条件下,工程运行对鄱阳湖区沿湖10个县(市、区)钉螺孳生草洲的水淹影响。方法调查收集鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程选址上游鄱阳湖全流域有螺草洲分布、数量、面积、高程和坡度,并据此分析和测算工程分别按14、13、12 m和11 m调度水位运行时鄱阳湖草洲淹没状态和受淹面积。结果按14、13、12 m和11 m 4种调蓄水位预设,随着调蓄水位降低,鄱阳湖区从下游至上游淹没的草洲数量及草洲面积依次减少。14 m调蓄条件下,完全淹没、部分淹没草洲数分别占全湖草洲数的32.9%和51.4%,淹没的草洲面积占全湖草洲面积的60.3%;13 m调蓄时,完全淹没、部分淹没草洲数分别占全湖草洲数的9.8%和46.8%,淹没的草洲面积占全湖草洲面积的31.9%;11 m调蓄时,仅有4块草洲部分被淹,水淹的草洲块数和草洲面积分别仅占全湖草洲的0.5%和0.2%。结论鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程可为水淹灭螺创造条件,连续2~3年实施14 m的血防调蓄水位,可使湖区60.3%的有螺洲滩逐步实现无螺;但按11 m或10 m水位调蓄,仅从有螺洲滩淹没效应考量,对目前鄱阳湖区钉螺孳生地及其分布几无影响;沿湖各县草洲因所处区位及高程不同,所受影响有所不同。
Objective To analyze the effect of project operation on waterlogging of snails breeding in 10 counties (cities and districts) along the Poyang Lake in Poyang Lake water conservancy project. Methods The survey was conducted to collect and analyze the distribution, quantity, area, elevation and slope of the snail in the whole Poyang Lake upstream of the Poyang Lake Water Conservancy Project. According to the above analysis and calculation, the water level of 14, 12, 12 m and 11 m respectively Poyang Lake submerged state and submerged area. Results were pre-set according to 14, 12, 12 m and 11 m water storage levels. With the reduction of water storage level, the number of grassland and grassland submerged in the Poyang Lake area decreased from downstream to upstream. Under the condition of 14 m regulation and storage, the number of submerged submerged grasslands was 32.9% and 51.4% respectively of the number of grasslands in the whole lake and 60.3% of the submerged grassland area; at 13 m, Completely submerged, partially submerged turf number accounted for 9.8% and 46.8% of the total number of turf, the submerged turf area accounted for 31.9% of the entire lake turf area; 11 m storage, only four parts of the turf Flooded and flooded grassland blocks and grassland area accounted for only 0.5% and 0.2% of the total lake grassland respectively. Conclusions The Poyang Lake Project can create the conditions for flooding and snail control. For a continuous period of 2 to 3 years, a 14-m flood control and regulation storage level can be implemented, enabling 60.3% m water level regulation and control, only from the Nansha Beach submerged effect considerations, the current Poyang Lake snail breeding places and their distribution has little effect; grassland along the lake due to the location and elevation of different locations, the impact is different.