用２０，４０和８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ三种剂量的３－硝基丙酸灌胃染毒２４只大鼠，观察中毒后神经病理改变。结果表明：３－硝基丙酸的主要损伤部位是尾－壳核。电镜检查可见神经元胞浆疏松，，核染色质积聚，最后胞浆和核均发生固缩。髓鞘变薄或断裂，轴索膜与髓鞘间水肿。星形胶质细胞水肿，血管周围有肿胀的突起，此与缺血性脑病理改变无明显差别。 Twenty-four rats were intragastrically infused with 3-nitropropionic acid at doses of 20, 40 and 80 mg / kg to observe the neuropathological changes after poisoning. The results showed that the main damage site of 3-nitropropionic acid was tail-shell nucleus. Electron microscopy showed neuronal cytoplasm loose, nuclear chromatin accumulation, the final cytoplasm and nucleus are shrinking. Myelin thinning or rupture, between the axonal membrane and myelin edema. Astrocyte edema, swollen bulges around the blood vessels, and ischemic brain pathology no significant difference.