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目的探讨极低出生体重儿(VLBWI)应用持续鼻饲喂养(CNG)和间断鼻饲喂养(IBG)的优缺点。方法将2007年1月至2008年8月收住本院新生儿重症监护病房的VLBWI随机分成CNG组和IBG组,均同时予以部分胃肠外营养,直至达到完全胃肠内喂养。比较两组患儿喂养耐受性、达到完全胃肠内喂养时间、恢复出生体重时间、停止静脉补液时间、后期体重增长速率、出院时宫外发育迟缓率及平均住院日,并分析并发症的发生率。结果 CNG组与IBG组比较,出现喂养不耐受的比例少(6/36比15/38),达到完全胃肠道喂养时间早[(18.6±2.4)d比(24.0±2.5)d],恢复出生体重时间早[(11.2±2.0)d比(13.5±2.5)d],静脉补液时间短[(19.6±3.3)d比(25.6±2.5)d],体重增长快[(15.7±2.5)g.kg-1.d-1比(13.4±3.5)g.kg-1d-1],宫外发育迟缓率低(44.4%比68.4%),并发症减少,P均<0.05。结论 VLBWI更耐受CNG喂养,CNG优于IGB。
Objective To investigate the advantages and disadvantages of continuous nasal feeding (CNG) and intermittent nasal feeding (IBG) for very low birth weight infants (VLBWI). Methods From January 2007 to August 2008, VLBWI admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital were randomly divided into CNG group and IBG group. All of them were given partial parenteral nutrition until complete gastrointestinal feeding. The tolerability of the two groups of children was compared, complete gastrointestinal feeding time, birth weight recovery time, stop intravenous rehydration time, late body weight growth rate, discharge rate of ectopic pregnancy and average length of stay, and analysis of complications Occurrence rate. Results Compared with IBG group, there was a small proportion of feeding intolerance (6/36 to 15/38) in CNG group and early complete gastrointestinal feeding (18.6 ± 2.4 days vs 24.0 ± 2.5 days) The rate of birth weight recovery was earlier (11.2 ± 2.0) d vs (13.5 ± 2.5) days, shorter intravenous rehydration time (19.6 ± 3.3 days vs 25.6 ± 2.5 days) and weight gain faster (15.7 ± 2.5) g.kg-1.d-1 (13.4 ± 3.5) g.kg-1d-1]. The rate of extrauterine stunted growth was low (44.4% vs 68.4%). The complication decreased, all P <0.05. Conclusion VLBWI is more resistant to CNG feeding than CNG, and CNG is superior to IGB.