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目的 探讨中老年女性生殖健康宣教对预防老年性疾病的效果。方法 将广州医科大学附属第三医院2014年1至12月门诊健康体检建档的年龄≥45中老年女性600例随机分为对照组与研究组,每组各300例,对照组中老年女性采用常规干预,入组后发放围绝经期女性生殖健康保健手册,不主动进行生殖健康咨询工作,仅在其有疑问时提供咨询及指导;研究组中老年女性实施生殖健康宣教干预,由8人组成的团队实施生殖健康宣教,宣教内容包含:认知宣教、预防宣教、心理健康宣教、及时就诊意愿宣教等,干预持续时间为1年。结果 干预后研究组中老年女性对激素治疗、合理饮食、合理生活方式、用药、运动锻炼知晓率均显著高于对照组(χ2值分别为95.707、72.853、95.822、63.253、66.215,均P<0.05);研究组中老年女性在老年性疾病出现后的立即就诊意愿率显著高于对照组(χ2=71.331,P<0.001);研究组干预后的功能性子宫出血、围绝经期综合征、老年性阴道炎/膀胱炎/尿道炎、焦虑、抑郁、骨质疏松、压力性尿失禁发病率均显著低于对照组(χ2值分别为5.501、18.774、4.588、9.540、8.499、5.321、5.419,均P<0.05)。结论 中老年女性生殖健康宣教可有效提升中老年女性对老年性疾病的认知率,提升及时就诊意愿,降低老年性疾病的发病率。
Objective To explore the effect of middle-aged and older female reproductive health mission on prevention of senile diseases. Methods Six hundred and sixty-five middle-aged and elderly women were enrolled in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January to December 2014, and were randomly divided into control group and study group with 300 cases in each group. Middle-aged and elderly women in the control group Routines interventions included the issuance of a manual on reproductive health care for perimenopausal women after enrollment, counseling and guidance on reproductive health issues only when they were in doubt, and interventions for reproductive health among middle-aged and elderly women in the study group, consisting of 8 people Of the team to carry out reproductive health education, missionary content includes: cognitive mission, preventive education, mental health education, timely consultation missionary mission, the duration of intervention for 1 year. Results After the intervention, the awareness rates of hormone therapy, reasonable diet, reasonable lifestyle, medication and exercise training in middle-aged and elderly women in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (χ2 values were 95.707, 72.853, 95.822, 63.253 and 66.215, respectively, P <0.05 ). The prevalence of immediate medical attention of middle-aged and elderly women in the study group after the onset of senile diseases was significantly higher than that of the control group (χ2 = 71.331, P <0.001); functional uterine bleeding, menopausal syndrome, Sexual vaginitis / cystitis / urethritis, anxiety, depression, osteoporosis, stress urinary incontinence incidence were significantly lower than the control group (χ2 values were 5.501,18.774,4.588,9.540,8.499,5.321,5.419, respectively P <0.05). Conclusion Middle-aged women’s reproductive health education can effectively improve the cognitive rate of senile diseases in middle-aged and elderly women, enhance their willingness to attend in time and reduce the incidence of senile diseases.