论文部分内容阅读
【目的】烟蚜Myzus persicae是一种世界性的重要农业害虫,本研究测定了短时高温对烟蚜生长发育、繁殖和取食行为的影响。【方法】测定初产若蚜每天在30,35和40℃下处理1,2和4 h的发育历期及成蚜在相同处理下的繁殖力,应用刺吸电位技术(electronic penetration graph,EPG)测定成蚜在30和35℃下处理1和2 h后以及在25,28,30和35℃恒温下的取食行为。【结果】短时高温(30~35℃)对各龄若蚜发育历期影响较小,但40℃下处理2 h后其发育历期显著增加(P<0.05);若蚜存活率、成蚜寿命及其繁殖历期随温度和处理时间的增加而降低;在25~35℃下,随温度和处理时间的增加,成蚜繁殖率变化较小,但40℃下处理2和4 h后,其繁殖率显著降低(P<0.01);短时高温对烟蚜的取食行为影响显著,随温度和处理时间的增加,非刺探波np数量(P<0.05)及其持续时间(P<0.01)显著减少,而韧皮部刺吸波E持续时间显著增加(P<0.05);但持续高温下,随温度升高,np波数量及其持续时间先减少后增加,而E波则相反。【结论】短时高温对烟蚜若蚜发育速率影响较小,但使若蚜存活率、成蚜寿命及其繁殖历期显著降低,且对成蚜繁殖有一定的抑制作用,而对成蚜的取食有一定的促进作用。研究结果有助于了解烟蚜不同年份间夏季种群数量的变化机制。
【Aim】 Myzus persicae is a kind of important agricultural pest in the world. In this study, the effects of short-term high temperature on the growth, reproduction and feeding behavior of Myzus persicae were determined. 【Method】 The developmental durations of the first-instar nymphs treated at 30, 35 and 40 ℃ for 1, 2 and 4 h and the fertility of adult aphids under the same treatment were measured. The electronic penetration graph (EPG) ) Were used to determine the feeding behavior of aphids after being treated at 30 and 35 ° C for 1 and 2 h and at constant temperatures of 25, 28, 30 and 35 ° C. 【Result】 The results showed that the short-term high temperature (30 ~ 35 ℃) had little effect on the developmental duration of the young aphids, but the developmental duration increased significantly at 2 h after treatment at 40 ℃ (P <0.05) The longevity and reproductive duration of the aphids decreased with the increase of temperature and treatment time. With the increase of temperature and treatment time, the reproductive rate of aphid decreased slightly at 25 ~ 35 ℃, but after treated at 40 ℃ for 2 and 4 h (P <0.01). The short-term high temperature had a significant effect on the feeding behavior of Myzus persicae. With the increase of temperature and treatment time, the number of np (n = 0.01), while the duration of phonophylla E increased significantly (P <0.05). However, with the increase of temperature, the number and duration of np wave first decreased and then increased while that of E wave increased. 【Conclusion】 Short-term high temperature had little effect on the developmental rate of the aphids, but decreased the survival rate of the aphids, the life span of the aphids and the reproduction duration, and inhibited the reproduction of the aphids. However, The feeding has a certain role in promoting. The results are helpful to understand the changing mechanism of summer population in different years of Myzus persicae.