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在新和县灌淤类土壤上进行了 2 a田间土壤 N、P、K、B、Mn、Zn施肥试验和叶面 B、Mn、Zn喷施试验。结果表明 ,N仍是土壤营养障碍的首要限制因子 ,其次是 P,K为第三限制因子。微量元素 B、Mn、Zn未成为明显的限制因子 ,对棉花高产有重要作用 ,目前 B的增产作用大于 Mn和 Zn。 B肥叶面喷施效果好于土施 ,Mn、Zn基施并结合各生育期叶面喷施效果较好。不同营养障碍因子对棉花不同生育期的影响显示 ,出苗至 3～ 4叶期 K、P、N、Mn的影响稍明显 ,K可能对促进棉籽萌发和出苗有一定作用 ;苗期至蕾期 N、P、Mn和 Zn营养对棉花的生长和现蕾影响较大 ;蕾期到花铃期土壤营养对棉花的影响更为明显 ,这一时期对蕾的影响 N最大 ,其次为 K、P、B。缺 K、缺 Mn、Zn则成铃率降低 ;不同营养障碍使铃重有不同程度的降低 ,其中以 N、P营养影响最大 ;缺 N、B和 K脱落率增加
Fertilization experiments of N, P, K, B, Mn, Zn and foliar application of B, Mn and Zn were conducted on the soil in Xinhe county. The results show that N is still the primary limiting factor of soil nutrient disorders, followed by P and K as the third limiting factor. The trace elements B, Mn and Zn have not become the obvious limiting factors, which play an important role on the high yield of cotton. At present, the yield increase of B is greater than that of Mn and Zn. B fertilizer foliar spraying effect is better than the soil, Mn, Zn-based and combined with the growth of the foliage spray better. The effects of different nutrition barriers on the different growth stages of cotton showed that the effects of K, P, N and Mn from emergence to the 3rd to 4th leaves were slightly obvious, while K might have a certain effect on the promotion of cotton seedling emergence and emergence; The nutrition of P, Mn and Zn had a great effect on cotton growth and budding. The effect of soil nutrition from bud stage to flowering stage on cotton was more obvious. The effect of P, Mn and Zn nutrition on bud was the largest, followed by K, P, B. Lack of K, lack of Mn, Zn boll rate decreased; different nutritional disorders to reduce the bell weight to varying degrees, of which N, P nutrition most affected; lack of N, B and K off rate increased