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基于生物信息学方法对‘酥梨’基因组中不同类型的逆转录酶进行预测,共获得345条copia类和99条gypsy类逆转录酶。通过系统聚类,copia类逆转录酶可分为Ivana、Ale、TAR、Angela、Maximus和Bianca等6类;gypsy类逆转录酶可分为Athila、Tat、CRM、Reina和Tekay等5类。序列比对结果显示梨中逆转录酶具有较高的异质性,copia类逆转录酶序列分歧度为0.44,gypsy类为0.38。挑选出8类逆转录酶设计引物,并对梨属其它植物进行PCR扩增,结果显示这8类逆转录酶广泛存在于梨属植物中。在砂梨品种‘圆黄’的叶片、种子和果实中均发现该8类逆转录酶存在一定的转录水平,这是首次发现在梨属植物正常生长组织中逆转录酶发生转录。
Based on bioinformatics methods, different types of reverse transcriptase were predicted in the ’Pear’ genome. A total of 345 copia and 99 gypsy reverse transcriptases were obtained. Through systematic clustering, copia reverse transcriptase can be divided into 6 categories: Ivana, Ale, TAR, Angela, Maximus and Bianca; gypsy reverse transcriptase can be divided into 5 categories: Athila, Tat, CRM, Reina and Tekay. Sequence alignment showed that reverse transcriptase was highly heterogeneous in pear, with divergence of copia reverse transcriptase sequence of 0.44 and gypsy of 0.38. Eight types of reverse transcriptase primers were designed and PCR amplification was performed on other plants of the genus Pear. The results showed that the eight types of reverse transcriptase were widely found in the genus Pyrus. It was found that there was a certain transcriptional level in the leaves, seeds and fruits of sand pear variety “Yuanhuang”, which was the first time that reverse transcriptase was found to be transcribed in the normal growth tissues of Pyrus.