论文部分内容阅读
90年代开始,结束了东西方在政治、军事和意识形态上长达四十余年的对抗,世界政治经济格局进入后冷战时代.但是如何概括后冷战时代的特征,还须等待历史的进展.因为冷战结束后世界经济出现的一些情况,一时难以判断其走向,某些可能只是过渡性现象,某些可能是今后世界经济发展的主要趋向,本文试图就这些问题进行探讨,或有助于认识后冷战时代世界经济的特征.后冷战时代的来临,远比人们预料的要快.柏林墙拆毁后,加速了东欧旧体制的崩溃,随着1991年底叶利钦替代戈尔巴乔夫上台,苏联瓦解,建立了松散的包括前十一个加盟共和国的独联体,俄罗斯走上了西方体制的道路.由于体制的变更并未经过一定时期的酝酿和培育,匆促地采纳西方市场经济措施,经济秩序便出现严重紊乱.无论是东欧各国和前苏联,经济都处于十分艰难的状况,生产剧降,物价飞涨.根据联合国资料,1990—1992年,前苏联和东欧的经济增长分别为-5％、-16％、-16.7％,这是除了战争年代以外在历史上罕见的经济衰落现象.这对世界经济发展起了消极作用.
Since the 1990s, the confrontation between the East and the West has lasted for more than 40 years in the fields of politics, military affairs and ideology, and the world political and economic pattern has entered the post-Cold-War era, but how to summarize the characteristics of the post-Cold War era must wait for the progress of history. Because of the situation in the world economy after the end of the Cold War, it is sometimes difficult to judge its course. Some may only be transitional phenomena. Some of these may be the main trends in the world’s economic development in the future. This article attempts to discuss these issues or help them understand Post-Cold War era, the characteristics of the world economy. The advent of the post-Cold War era, far faster than expected .Before the demolition of the Berlin Wall, accelerated the collapse of the old system in Eastern Europe, with the replacement of Gorbachev in late 1991 Yeltsin, the collapse of the Soviet Union , Established the loose CIS including the eleven participating republics and Russia embarked on the path of the Western system.As a result of the institutional changes that did not undergo deliberation and cultivation for a certain period of time, the western market economy measures were promptly adopted and the economic order There was a serious disorder, both in the Eastern European countries and the former Soviet Union, where the economy was in a very difficult situation, the production soared and prices soared. According to the statistics of the United Nations, the economic growth in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe was -5%, -16% and -16.7%, respectively, from 1990 to 1992, a rare historical economic decline in addition to the war years. Played a negative role.