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采用二甲基长链烷基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷为主要原料,在盐酸水溶液条件下,“一锅法”合成系列1,3-二(烷基二甲基氯化铵)异丙醇双子季铵盐〔m-3(OH)-m(m=C_8、C_(10)、C_(12)、C_(14)、C_(16)、C_(18))〕;以熔点检测m-3(OH)-m型双子季铵盐纯度;以C12-3(OH)-C12为例,采用FTIR、1HNMR对其结构进行表征;分别测定不同浓度下各化合物表面张力,0.1%(质量分数)水溶液下的起泡能力、乳化能力。结果表明,随着m的变化,各化合物表面活性、起泡能力及乳化能力均呈现规律性变化;按照m=C_8、C_(10)、C_(12)、C_(14)、C_(16)、C_(18)的顺序,化合物CMC分别为0.09、0.075、0.03、0.024、0.026、0.14 mmol/L,γCMC分别为54.01、32.56、25.74、29.41、30.51、30.28 m N/m;起泡能力和起泡稳定性分别在m=C_(10)及m=C_(12)表现出较好效果;乳化能力在m=C14时效果较好。
The use of dimethyl long chain alkyl tertiary amine, epichlorohydrin as the main raw material, under the conditions of aqueous hydrochloric acid, “one pot method ” synthetic series 1,3-bis (alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) Propanol Gemini quaternary ammonium salt [m-3 (OH) -m (m = C_8, C_10, C_12, C_14, C_16, C_18)]; The purity of m-3 (OH) -m Gemini quaternary ammonium salt was measured. The structure of C12-3 (OH) -C12 was characterized by FTIR and 1HNMR. The surface tension of each compound was determined at 0.1% Mass fraction) foaming ability in aqueous solution, emulsifying ability. The results showed that with the change of m, the surface activity, foaming ability and emulsifying ability of the compounds showed regular changes. According to m = C_8, C_ (10), C_ (12), C_ (14) , CMC (CMC) were 0.09,0.075,0.03,0.024,0.026,0.14 mmol / L, respectively. The γCMCs were 54.01, 32.56, 25.74, 29.41, 30.51 and 30.28 mN / m, The foaming stability showed good effect at m = C_ (10) and m = C_ (12), respectively. The emulsifying ability was better at m = C14.