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赤山位於南京的東南六十華里,屬江蘇句容縣,是赤山砂岩的命名地。該山高出海面二百五十餘公尺,底部為磚紅的赤山砂岩,不整合其上的是玄武岩流,高度在一百六十公尺左右。玄武岩流全部屬方山火山岩系的下玄武岩,為灰、深灰至紫灰的細密隱晶質岩石,通常呈氣孔狀至岩鋅狀,氣孔中間填着米黄色的玄武質玻璃,也偶見藍色的氧化鈷外皮。出露於西南坡的共有岩流十九層,總厚達七十餘公尺,出露於東南坡的共有岩流十五層中夾三層火山角礫岩,總厚達八十餘公尺,在山的東北坡有磚紅至紫紅的火山錐塊集岩出露,其中並有後期的小型侵入體及岩牆,後二者也為玄武質,隱晶,僅在山的南顶見有小型粗粒玄武岩侵入體。火山時代屬第三紀的中期至後期,與江寧的方山東西遙遙相對為南京東南的二姊妹火山。這兩處不僅時代相同,就是岩流性質,構造,鑛物組成,組織及其化學特性舆噴出程序也略可相互比擬。火山靜止後,經後來的剝蝕,現在所存的僅為原來火山的一部。
Chishan is located in Nanjing’s southeast 60 li, Jurong County, Jiangsu Province, is the name of Chishan sandstone. The mountain is more than 250 meters above sea level, with red brick red Chishan sandstone at the bottom. Basalt flow is unconformity and height is about 160 meters. The basalt flow belongs to the lower basalts of the Fangshan volcanic rock series. It is a fine cryptocrystalline rock of gray, dark gray to purple gray, usually of the form of stomata to lithic zenith, with beige basalt glass in the middle of the stomata, and occasionally Blue cobalt oxide coating. Exposed to the southwestern slope of a total of nineteen layers of rock, with a total thickness of seventy meters, exposed in the southeast slope of the common rock flow fifteen layers of three layers of volcanic breccia, a total thickness of 80 Yu Gong Feet, the northeast slope of the mountain brick red to purple volcanic cone conglomerate exposed, and there are later small intrusions and rock walls, the latter two are also basaltic, cryptocrystalline, only in the top of the mountain There are small coarse basalt intrusions. Volcanic age belongs to the middle and late Tertiary period, and Jiangning Fangshan east-west relative to the sisters of the two sisters in southeastern Nanjing. These two places are not only of the same era, but also of the nature of rock flow, structure, composition of minerals, organization and chemical characteristics of the spit process is slightly comparable to each other. After the volcano came to a standstill, it was later eroded and now it is only one part of the original volcano.