过剩产能要去,但大量职工的饭碗不能丢,而且争取让他们拿上新饭碗。这是今年3月16日,国务院总理李克强在记者招待会上一段掷地有声的话。这段话的背景,是我国在过去10多年的经济高速发展过程中,传统产业大幅扩张,而当经济增速势头减缓,这些产业的产能出现明显过剩,并直接导致经济结构失衡。煤炭和钢铁两大传统产业的产能过剩情况尤为突出,粗钢产量远超市场的消费能力,大量钢企亏损;而煤炭的情况更为严重,截至2015年底,全国煤矿产 Excess capacity to go, but a large number of workers can not afford to lose their jobs, and strive to get them to take a new job. This is March 16 this year, when Premier Li Keqiang spoke at a press conference. The background of this passage is that in the rapid economic development in the past 10 years or more in our country, the traditional industries have expanded substantially. When the economic growth slows down, there is a clear surplus in the productivity of these industries and a direct imbalance in the economic structure. The overcapacity of the two traditional industries, coal and steel, is particularly prominent. The output of crude steel far exceeds the spending power of the market and a large number of steel enterprises suffer loss. The situation of coal is even more serious. As of the end of 2015,