为探求微波和超声辅助提取植物有效成分过程中尺度的影响,理论分析微波和超声波穿透深度的大小并确定微波和超声波作用的尺度范围,以银杏叶黄酮提取率为指标,在介尺度下,通过实验研究对比超声波辅助提取法和微波辅助提取法分别提取银杏叶黄酮的效果,提取过程中温度控制在50℃以下以便忽略温度的影响,比较微波功率密度、辐射时间、料液比3个因素下这2种方法的提取率。研究结果表明:在相同的介尺度条件下,分别改变功率密度、辐射时间和料液比,超声波法提取率都明显高于微波辅助提取。 In order to explore the influence of microwave and ultrasonic assisted extraction of plant active ingredients in the process of scale, the size of microwave and ultrasonic penetration depth was theoretically analyzed and the scale range of microwave and ultrasonic action was determined. With the extraction rate of flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba as an index, The effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction on the flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba were compared respectively. The temperature was controlled below 50 ℃ in the process of extraction to neglect the effect of temperature. The effects of microwave power density, irradiation time, Under these two methods of extraction rate. The results show that under the same mesoscale conditions, the power density, radiation time, material-liquid ratio and ultrasonic extraction rate are significantly higher than microwave-assisted extraction.