目的总结四川省一起人感染H5N1禽流感疫情的调查和处置经验,为今后类似疾病的科学防控提供借鉴。方法采用现场流行病学研究方法,收集病例的临床和流行病学资料,采集相关标本进行实验室检测,探索可能的感染来源及暴露因素。结果患者长期从事活禽宰杀职业,发病前1周内有病死禽接触史;发病后症状体征符合人感染高致病性禽流感的临床特点;其标本经核酸检测为禽流感病毒H5N1阳性。结论此次疫情中,患者确诊为人感染H5N1禽流感病例,发病原因系接触感染了H5N1禽流感病毒的病死禽所致。 Objective To summarize the investigation and treatment experience of a human being infected with H5N1 bird flu in Sichuan Province and provide references for future scientific prevention and control of similar diseases. Methods Using on-site epidemiological methods, clinical and epidemiological data of cases were collected, relevant specimens were collected for laboratory tests to explore the possible sources of infection and exposure factors. Results The patient had long been engaged in the slaughter of live poultry and died of poultry contact within 1 week prior to the onset of the disease. The symptoms and signs were consistent with the clinical features of human HPAI. The samples were positive for avian influenza virus H5N1 by nucleic acid detection. Conclusions In this outbreak, the patient was diagnosed as H5N1 bird flu, the cause of which was caused by contact with the dead poultry infected with the H5N1 bird flu virus.