论文部分内容阅读
1962年,苏联决定制订一项钻探深度超过6,000m的全国超深井钻探计划。目前计划的钻孔共约20个,其中第一个孔是Kola SG-3号,位于摩尔曼斯克地区的Pechenga镍矿采矿区。这项计划的目的是要解决三大问题:1.研究大陆地壳的构造和演化;2.寻找和发现埋藏很深的矿床,包括石油和天然气;3.在压力和温度很高的条件下采用实际而有经济价值的钻探技术使钻探深度达10—15 km。 Kola钻孔目前保持的世界纪录为11,500 m,计划深度为15,000 m。其他只有两个钻孔超过9,000 m,这两个孔均在美国的沉积盆地。Kola SG-3开始钻进的直径约为1 m,在11.5 km深处孔径减小到20 cm。该孔未下套管打到8,000 m,偏斜7°。钻探到如此深度不仅温度和压力非常高,而且需要有特殊高强度钻头、钻杆和井下马达,在10,000 m以下使用的地球
In 1962, the Soviet Union decided to devise a national ultra-deep drilling program with a drilling depth of more than 6,000 m. There are currently about 20 boreholes planned, the first of which is Kola SG-3, located in the Pechenga nickel mining area of the Murmansk region. The purpose of this project is to address three major issues: 1. To study the structure and evolution of the continental crust; 2. To search for and discover deep buried deposits, including oil and natural gas; 3. To use under pressure and temperature conditions Practical and economically valuable drilling technology enables drilling depths of 10-15 km. The current world record for Kola drilling is 11,500 m with a planned depth of 15,000 m. The other two bore more than 9,000 m, both in the sedimentary basin of the United States. The diameter of the Kola SG-3 to begin drilling is about 1 m and the hole diameter is reduced to 20 cm at a depth of 11.5 km. The hole did not bushing down to 8,000 m with a skew of 7 °. Drilling to such depth is not only very high in temperature and pressure but also requires special high-strength drill bits, drill pipes and downhole motors for use below 10,000 m