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石榴作为一个古老树种,在中国和西班牙都作为引进植物并广为种植,随着历史的推移和文化的发展,两国在千百年中均孕育出了各自内涵丰富、形式多样的石榴文化。中国有诸多关于石榴的民俗传说、诗句文章;西班牙自古以石榴为纹章,更将石榴花尊为国花。本文通过阐述两国石榴的传入、石榴审美特征、文化内涵的形成和发展,分析其形成和发展的影响条件、因素,比较其在两国文化传播演变方面的异同,讨论“石榴”这一文化符号在不同的历史、宗教、文化背景下所形成和蕴含的象征意义。其中,宗教因素对于石榴象征意义内容的确定具有较强的决定性作用,它不但影响人们对于石榴物象特征属性的选择和审美体验,而且从根本上决定了石榴象征意义的内容。
Pomegranate, as an ancient tree species, was introduced as a plant and widely planted in both China and Spain. With the development of history and culture, both countries have developed pomegranate cultures with rich connotations and diverse forms for thousands of years. China has a lot of folklore about pomegranate, poem articles; Spain ancient pomegranate as a coat of arms, but also pomegranate respect for the national flower. This article elaborates the introduction of pomegranates in the two countries, the aesthetic characteristics of pomegranates, the formation and development of cultural connotation, analyzes the conditions and factors that affect the formation and development of pomegranates, and compares their similarities and differences in the evolution of cultural transmission between the two countries. This cultural symbol in different historical, religious and cultural context formed and contains the symbolic meaning. Among them, religious factors play a decisive role in determining the symbolic meaning of pomegranate. It not only affects people’s choice and aesthetic experience of the characteristics of pomegranate objects, but also fundamentally determines the symbolic meaning of pomegranates.