１引言植物致病的微生物,尤其是真菌,使世界范围的主要作物严重减产。在防治植物病害的措施中,像病害抗性培养的应用,作物轮作和改进耕作习惯,化学农药的应用自上个世纪中叶起已经起了重要作用。尽管现在已有上百个化合物的有效价值作为杀菌剂被登记了,但仍需要继续开发新的抗 1 Introduction Phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially fungi, severely reduce the production of the world’s major crops. Among the measures for controlling plant diseases, applications such as disease resistance cultivation, crop rotation and improved farming practices, chemical pesticides have played an important role since the middle of the last century. Although the effective value of hundreds of compounds has now been registered as a bactericide, there is still a need to continue to develop new anti-bacterial