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作为一种民间艺术,晚清年画与文学有着密切的联系。小说、戏曲等文学作品为年画提供了丰富的创作题材和造型元素,使之以强烈的故事性吸引了大量受众。生动形象的年画图案则将文学内容直观地呈现出来,并在民间文化想象的基础上对其进行重新演绎,使文学在这种活态建构的过程中获得新的生命力。题写有诗词文本的年画则直接将文学与图像结合在一起,既体现了年画表意系统的多媒介特征,又进一步增强了年画的文学性,使其成为一种雅俗共赏的艺术样式。晚清年画在不断地借鉴、重构文学并与之合体的过程中传播和完善了彼此,体现出文图关系的复杂性。
As a kind of folk art, the New Year pictures in the late Qing Dynasty have a close relationship with literature. Fiction, drama and other literary works for the New Year pictures provide a wealth of creative themes and modeling elements, making it a strong story attracted a large audience. The vivid image of the New Year’s picture presents the literary content intuitively and re-interprets it based on the imagination of the folk culture so that literature can gain new vitality in this process of living construction. The New Year pictures written with poetic text directly combine the literature with the images, not only embody the multi-media features of the new-year ideographic system, but also further enhance the literary nature of the New Year pictures, making them an art form of elegance and common custom. The New Year paintings of the late Qing Dynasty disseminated and perfected each other in the course of constantly borrowing, reconstructing and integrating with literature, reflecting the complexity of the relationship between the drawings and the drawings.