“天真”和“经验”的冲突是美国文学中一个反复书写的母题。它不仅触及美国民族历史、哲学、宗教、伦理道德以及审美心理,而且是对人性的形而上的思考,反映了人类本能体验和需要,能够引起心灵的共鸣。本文选取五位美国作家的代表作,分析比较了这一母题的表现形式和结果,从而展示了该母题在该历史阶段中的演变情况。 The conflict between “naive” and “experiential” is a repetitive motif in American literature. It not only touches the history of the American nation, philosophy, religion, ethics and aesthetic psychology, but also metaphysics of human nature, which reflects the experience and needs of human instinct and can resonate with the soul. This article selects five representative works of American writers, analyzes and compares the manifestations and results of this motif, thus demonstrating the evolution of this motif in this historical stage.