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背景运动和居家改造是预防跌倒的有效干预措施。慢性病管理(CDM)项目是全科医生开展这些干预措施的途径之一。这些研究的目的是对评估CDM,如职业疗法(OT)和理疗(PT)等对预防跌倒的效果和可行性。方法采用前后测试点研究设计,对在CDM中开展OT和PT分享的5项协同单元及全科医生管理计划进行评价。对干预前后的指标分别进行测量,对两家全科诊所的8例年龄≥75岁患者的转归进行评价。结果干预后2个月,患者的日常功能(P=0.04)、身体功能(P=0.01)及跌伤预防能力(P=0.01)得到了显著改善。患者对干预措施的依从性极佳。讨论在初级卫生保健机构开展跌倒预防干预是有效的,需要持续对干预措施进行推广,以确保有跌倒危险的老年人能从中受益。
Background exercise and home improvement are effective interventions to prevent falls. The Chronic Disease Management (CDM) project is one of the ways GPs are implementing these interventions. The purpose of these studies is to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of preventing CDs, such as occupational therapy (OT) and physical therapy (PT), in preventing falls. Methods Using pre-post test point study design, five collaborative units and GP practices were evaluated for OT and PT sharing in CDM. The indexes before and after the intervention were measured separately, and the outcomes of 8 patients ≥75 years old in two general practice clinics were evaluated. Results Two months after intervention, patients’ daily function (P = 0.04), physical function (P = 0.01) and fall injury prevention ability (P = 0.01) were significantly improved. Patient compliance with the intervention is excellent. DISCUSSION Effectiveness of fall prevention interventions in primary health-care settings requires continuous interventions to ensure that the elderly at risk of falling will benefit.