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通过若干实例,本文讨论了地磁数据分析中的一些方法.这些方法包括时间序列的多项式拟合,相关性分析,频谱分析和小波分析等.在Matlab和AutoSignal软件下实现了以上方法,并基于这些方法研究了地磁场形态和地磁现象的频谱特征.我们分析了Surlari观测台(余纬45.3°,经度26.3°)的地磁时间序列,并与Ottawa(余纬44.6°,经度284.5°),Canberra(余纬125.3°,经度149.3°),Kakioka(余纬53.8°,经度140.2°),Vernadsky(余纬155.3°,经度295.7°)等台站的结果进行了对比分析,讨论了Fourier变换时间窗和小波基函数选取的影响,有限长时间序列引起的边缘效应,以及小波尺度和Fourier频率的关系等问题.我们采用谱分析和小波分析处理了2007年两个台站的地磁数据,研究了地磁场形态和地磁现象的频谱特征,并讨论了Fourier变换和小波变换的优缺点.
Through several examples, some methods in geomagnetic data analysis are discussed in this paper, including time series polynomial fitting, correlation analysis, spectrum analysis and wavelet analysis etc. The above methods are implemented in Matlab and AutoSignal software and based on these We study the geomagnetic time series of the Surlari observatory (latitude 45.3 °, longitude 26.3 °) and compare it with Ottawa (latitude 44.6 °, longitude 284.5 °), Canberra ( Latitude 149.3 °), Kakioka (latitude 53.8 °, longitude 140.2 °) and Vernadsky (latitude 155.3 °, longitude 295.7 °) were compared and analyzed. The Fourier transform time window and The influence of the selection of wavelet basis function, the edge effect caused by the finite long time series, the relation between the wavelet scale and the Fourier frequency, etc. We use the spectral analysis and wavelet analysis to deal with the geomagnetic data of two stations in 2007, Shape and geomagnetic phenomena, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of Fourier transform and wavelet transform.