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代谢性酸中毒已为人们所熟知,临床医生均很重视及时纠正垂危病人的酸中毒。但对代谢性碱中毒往往很少注意,对其危害性亦认识不足。实际上代谢性碱中毒并不少见,Hodgkin 分析住院病人13,430份血气分析资料,发现代谢性碱中毒的发生率最高,达51.1%,代谢性酸中毒仅11.6%。严重的代谢性碱中毒对机体的危害相当严重,Wilson报道:pH≥7.55就可能危及病人生命,pH 为7.65～7.70者死亡率可达80%。以往对于代谢性碱中毒也缺少有效的治疗措施,显得束手无策。因此,如何正确认识以及掌握积极有效的治疗方法是十分必要的。外科常见的代谢性碱中毒的病因有:
Metabolic acidosis is well known, and clinicians attach great importance to correct the acidosis in critically ill patients. However, metabolic alkalosis often seldom pay attention to its harmfulness is also lack of understanding. In fact, metabolic alkalosis is not uncommon. Hodgkin analyzed 13,430 inpatient blood gas analysis data and found that metabolic alkalosis was the highest (51.1%) and metabolic acidosis (11.6%). Severe metabolic alkalosis on the body is quite serious, Wilson reported: pH ≥ 7.55 may endanger the life of patients, the pH of 7.65 to 7.70 mortality rate of up to 80%. In the past for the lack of effective metabolic alkalosis treatment, it seems helpless. Therefore, how to correctly understand and master the active and effective treatment is very necessary. Surgical common causes of metabolic alkalosis are: