在对官僚机构的大部分记述中,裁量居于中心地位。至于为何如此,不应有太多质疑。尽管行政机关处于法律、总统与法院的环绕之中,但当面对与利害关系人相关的事项时,他们在履行职权方面,仍享有巨大的裁量权。对于诸多研究官僚机构的社会科学家而言,裁量仅仅是官僚世界所展示出的事实。法律学者则趋于采取更具规范性的见解。相当一部分学者认为,行政裁量为专家判断的实践提供 In most accounts of the bureaucracy, discretion centers. As for why, there should not be too much questioning. Although the executive branch is surrounded by the law, the president and the court, they still have enormous discretion in the performance of their duties in the face of stakeholder-related issues. For many social scientists who study the bureaucracy, discretion is only a fact that the bureaucratic world shows. Law scholars tend to adopt more normative insights. A considerable number of scholars believe that administrative discretion is provided for the practice of expert judgment