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短兵运动是中国武术的重要组成部分,近年来受到国家武术运动管理中心的重视,开始得到复兴与发展。通过对比同为短兵器格斗项群的击剑与剑道,可以发现短兵运动在对所使用兵器的界定上较为包容,兵器种类较多,而击剑与剑道对兵器的界定则具备唯一性。通过运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、对比分析法,从人类学功能主义学派理论的视角,综合分析刀与剑在历史变化中其各项功能的衍变,探讨以刀作为短兵运动的兵器,为促进短兵运动的发展及国际化,丰富中华武术的内容提供有价值的参考依据与建议。
The short-siberian movement is an important part of Chinese martial arts. In recent years, it has received the attention of the National Wushu Management Center and has started to revive and develop. By comparing the fencing and kendo with the same short-weapons fighting group, we can find that the short-sighted movement is more tolerant of the definition of weapons used, more types of weapons, and fencing and kendo weapons unique. Through the methods of literature review, expert interviews and comparative analysis, from the perspective of anthropological functionalist school theory, this paper synthetically analyzes the evolution of the various functions of knives and swords in the historical changes and explores the use of knives as a weapon for short- In order to promote the development of the short-sighted movement and internationalization, enriching the content of Chinese Wushu provide valuable reference and suggestions.