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【目的】 动态研究极低出生体重儿的智力发育。 【方法】 根据儿童不同的年龄段 ,采用新版K式发育检查 (新版K式 )和韦克斯勒儿童智力发育量表 (Wppsi和Wisc R)对 176名极低出生体重儿在矫正 18个月、3岁和实足 5岁、8岁时进行智力跟踪检查。 【结果】 ①在矫正 18个月时有 97名、矫正 3岁时有 10 3名、5岁时有 72名、8岁时有 30名极低出生体重儿接受智力检查。 176名儿童初诊时的智力水平为 87.5 6± 15 .78。②初诊时 ,智力正常者共 10 1名 ,占 5 7.38% ;临界和迟滞者共占 36 .93 %。在不同的年龄阶段智力障碍的发病率有所不同 ,矫正 18个月时临界状态及智力障碍分别为 31.96 %和 8.2 4%、矫正 3岁时分别为 33 .0 1%和 11.6 5 %、5岁时分别为 30 .5 6 %和 2 7.77%、8岁时分别为 2 0 .0 0 %和 10 .0 0 %。③在智力成分中 ,3岁以内 (含 )儿童的言语性与非言语性智力水平无显著性差异(P >0 .0 5 ) ;5岁以后 (含 )儿童的言语性智力则明显低于非言语性智力水平 (P <0 .0 1)。 【结论】 极低出生体重儿由于在生理解剖上的先天不足 ,可能会导致此类儿童智力发育上不同程度的障碍 ,其智力水平较正常儿童为低。而且由于学龄儿童的言语性智力水平明显低于非言语性智力水平 ,可能会导致极出生低体重儿以后
【Objective】 To dynamically study the mental development of very low birth weight infants. 【Method】 According to different ages of children, 176 young people with very low birth weight (BMI) underwent 18 months of correction using the new K-type developmental test (new version K) and Wechsler Children’s Wisdom Scale (Wppsi and Wisc R) , 3 years old and really enough 5 years old, 8 years old when the intelligence tracking examination. [Results] ① 97 were corrected 18 months, 103 were corrected 3 years old, 72 were 5 years old, and 30 were very low birth weight children at 8 years old. The IQ of 176 children at the time of first visit was 87.5 6 ± 15 .78. ② At the time of first visit, there were 101 persons with normal intelligence, accounting for 5 7.38%; those with criticality and delay accounted for 36.93%. The prevalence of mental retardation varied from age to age with a mean of 31.96% and 8.24% at 18 months and 33.0% and 11.6%, respectively, at 3 years of age 30.66% and 2 7.77% respectively at the age of 8 years and 20.0% and 10.00% respectively at the age of 8 years. ③In the intelligence component, there was no significant difference in the level of verbal and non-verbal intelligence between children under 3 years of age (P> 0.05); children’s intelligence after 5 years old was significantly lower than that of children Nonverbal intelligence level (P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 Very low birth weight children, due to the inherent deficiencies in physiological anatomy, may lead to different levels of mental retardation in these children with lower intelligence than normal children. And because of school-age children’s verbal intelligence is significantly lower than non-verbal intelligence level, may lead to very low birth weight children later