Background and Aims: We compared lung function parameters in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and examined the association between lung function parameters and fibrosis severity in MAFLD. Meth-ods: In this cross-sectional study, we randomly recruited 2,543 middle-aged individuals from 25 communities across four cities in China during 2016 and 2020. All participants received a health check-up including measurement of an-thropometric parameters, biochemical variables, liver ul-trasonography, and spirometry. The severity of liver dis-ease was assessed by the fibrosis (FIB)-4 score. Results: The prevalence of MAFLD was 20.4％ (n=519) and that of NAFLD was 18.4％ (n=469). After adjusting for age, sex, adiposity measures, smoking status, and significant alco-hol intake, subjects with MAFLD had a significantly lower predicted forced vital capacity (FVC, 88.27±17.60％ vs. 90.82±16.85％, p<0.05) and lower 1 s forced expiratory volume (FEV1, 79.89±17.34 vs. 83.02±16.66％, p<0.05) than those with NAFLD. MAFLD with an increased FIB-4 score was significantly associated with decreased lung function. For each 1-point increase in FIB-4, FVC was di-minished by 0.507 (95％ CI: ?0.840, ?0.173, p=0.003), and FEV1 was diminished by 0.439 (95％ CI: ?0.739, ?0.140, p=0.004). The results remained unchanged when the statistical analyses was performed separately for men and women. Conclusions: MAFLD was significantly asso-ciated with a greater impairment of lung function param-eters than NAFLD.