应试点拔

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  由于中西方文化背景不同,我们在使用英语进行交际时往往会出现跨文化交际失误,因此考查情景交际常选择容易出现失误的交际项目,或考查某一交际项目的常用套句。命题一般采用提供情景或用对话显示情景的方式,选项一般为句子。常考查的交际项目几乎包括大纲和教材中出现的所有功能项目,如:问候、介绍、打电话、感谢、谈论天气、邀请、祝贺、看病、问路、购物等。
  
  一、问候
  1.Good morning/afternoon/evening.早上/下午/晚上好。
  2.Good night.晚安。
  3.Hello/Hi.你好。
  4.Glad/Nice to see you.很高兴见到你。
  5.How do you do?你好。幸会。
  6.How are you?你好吗?Fine,thankyou.And you?很好,谢谢。你呢?
  
  二、介绍
  
  1.My name is Jim Green./I’m Jim Green.我叫吉姆·格林。
  2.This is Miss Gao.这是高小姐。
  3.This is my friend Kate.这是我的朋友凯特。
  注意:介绍时要注意被介绍者的年龄、身份和性别。通常先少后老,即先把年轻人介绍给年纪大的人,后把年纪大的介绍给年轻的;先宾后主,即先介绍宾客,后介绍主人;先把男性介绍给女性。
  英美及说英语的国家的人的姓名在排列顺序上不同于中国人的姓名。中国人的姓名,姓在前,名在后,如Li Hua;而英美人则是名在前,姓在后,如:John Henry Brown,通常我们称呼其为John Brown或John。
  在称呼上英美通常使用三种方式:第一种为直呼其名,且往往是其名字的简略形式。如把Tomas称作Tom,Jennifer称作Jenny。第二种称呼为被呼者姓之前加称谓词Mr,Mrs,Miss,如Mr Smith,Mrs Green。第三种称呼为直呼被称呼人的职称或头衔,如Doctor(大夫),Professor(教授)等。
  
  三、打电话
  
  1.打电话时,要找某人讲话用:Hello!May I speak to…?
  2.询问对方是某人在说话吗:Is that…(speaking)?
  3.请不要挂机:Hold on,please.
  4.请稍等:Wait a moment,please.
  5.被找的人不在:He/She isn’t herenow.
  6.对方找的人不在,询问是否需留言或捎口信:Can I take a message for you?
  7.电话结束用语:Goodbye.
  
  四、感谢
  
  (一)致谢语
  1.Thank you(very much)!谢谢你。(非常感谢!)
  2.Thanks a lot!多谢1
  3.Thanks for your help.谢谢您的帮助。
  4.It’s very kind of you to help me.帮助我,你真是太好了。
  5.Thank you a11 the same.仍然谢谢你。
  
  (二)答语
  
  1.Not at all.别客气,不用谢。
  2.That’t all right.没关系。
  3.You’re welcome.不客气。
  4.It’s my pleasure.别客气。
  5.That’s OK.没什么。
  
  五、天气
  
  1.What’s the weather like today?今天天气怎么样?
  2.How’s the weather in Nanning?南宁的天气怎么样?
  3.It’s a little hot today.今天有点儿热。
  4.It’s a sunny day today.今天天气很好。
  5.It’s raining hard,isn’t it?雨下得真大,对吗?
  
  六、邀请
  
  1.Will you come to our school?请你来我们学校好吗?
  2.Shall we go to the park?我们去公园好吗?
  3.Would you like to come to the partytonight?今晚来参加晚会好吗?
  Yes,I’d love to.好的,我很乐意去。
  4.1t’s very kind of you for having me.谢谢你邀请我。
  
  七、祝贺、祝愿
  
  1.Good luck to you.祝你好运。
  2.Best wishes to you.向你致以最美好的祝福。
  3.Have a good time.祝你玩得高兴。
  4.Happy birthday to you.祝你生日快乐。Thank you.谢谢。
  5.Happy new year.新年快乐。Thesame to you.同乐。
  
  八、看病
  
  1.What’s wrong with you?你哪儿不舒服?
  2.There’s something wrong with myhead.我的头有点不舒服。
  3.I’ve got a cough.我咳嗽了。
  4.I feel bad/I don’t feel well.我觉得很难受。
  5.I’ve got a pain here.我这儿疼。
  6.I’ve hurt my leg.我的腿受伤了。
  7.Take this medicine three times a day.这药一天服三次。
  8.Drink a lot of water and have a goodrest.多喝水,好好休息。
  9.There’s nothing serious.没什么严重。
  1O.You’ll be all right/well soon.你很快就会好的。
  
  九、问路
  
  1.Excuse me.Where’s the nearest hos-pital,please?请问,最近的医院在哪里?
  2.Excuse me.Could you tell me theway to the post office?请问去邮局的路怎么 走?
  3.Excuse me.Is there a bookshop nearhere?请问这附近有书店吗?
  4.Go along this road.沿着这条路走。
  5.Take the second turning on the left.在第二个路口向左拐。
  6.Turn right at the first turning.在第一个路口向右转。
  7.It’s about five hundred meters awayfrom here.离这大约有五百米远。
  8.It’s not far from here.离这不远。
  
  十、购物
  
  1.What can I do for you?/Can I helpyou?你要买点什么?
  2.I want to buy/I’d like/I’m lookingfor a sweater.我想买一件毛衣。
  3.How much is this coat?这件大衣多少钱?
  4.I’m afraid it’s much too expensive.恐怕太贵了。
  5.OK,I’ll buy/take it.好的,我买下了。
  6.How many/much do you want?你要买多少?
  7.What colour/size/kind do you want?你要买什么颜色/多大尺码/什么类型的?
  8.Do you have any other colour/size/kind?还有其他颜色/尺码/种类吗?
  
  专项训练
  
  一、单项选择。
  ( )1.—Thanks for your beautiful gift.
  —______
  A.My pleasure
  B.No,thanks
  C.Never mind
  D.All right
  ( )2.—Would you like some more tea?
  ______I’m full.
  A.Yes,please
  B.I’d love to
  C.No,thanks
  D.No,I won’t
  ( )3.—______?
  —She’s our English teacher.
  A.How’s she
  B.How old is she
  C.What does she do
  D.How about her
  ( )4.—Your dress is very nice,Mary.
  —______.
  A.Not at all
  B.Just so so
  C.No,it isn’t
  D.Thank you
  ( )5.—Do you mind if I open the window?
  —______.
  A.My pleasure
  B.Never mind
  C.Better not
  D.Of course not
  ( )6.—Is Mr Black really very.117
  —______.He is in hospital.
  A.I don’t think so
  B.I’m afraid so
  C.I hope so
  D.No,he isn’t
  ( )7.—Our team won the football game.
  —______.Congratulations!
  A.Thank you
  B.Good luck
  C.Well done
  D.You’re welcome
  ( )8.—How do you like the film?
  A.Yes,I like it
  B.I like it very much
  C.No,I don’t like it
  D.The people and the music
  ( )9.—Can you come and play football
  with me?
  —______.But I have a lot of
  work to do.
  A.Excuse me
  B.I’m afraid not
  C.I’d love to
  D.It’s a pleasure
  ( )1O.—______?
  —It’s February 20th.
  A.What day is it today
  B.What’s the date today
  C.What’s the weather like today
  D.What’s the time
  ( )11.—Excuse me,could you please
  tell me how to get to the
  Guangming Hotel?
  —Sorry,I’m new here.You
  may ask the policeman.
  —______.
  A.of course
  B.It doesn’t matter
  C.Thank you all the same
  D.That’s all right
  ( )12.—______?
  —It’s sunny today.Shall we go
  out for a walk?
  A.What’s the weather like today
  B.Where are you going
  C.Shall we go for a picnic
  D.Will you go with me
  ( )13.—My grandpa was ill in hospital.
  A.I’m afraid not
  B.Sorry to hear that
  C.I hope not
  D.That can’t be possible
  ( )14.—Hello!May I speak to Peter,
  please?
  A.Yes,I’m Peter
  B.Yes,please speak
  C.Yes,this is Peter
  D.Who are you   ( )15.—Could you help rile,please?
  A.With pleasure
  B.It’s a pleasure
  C.It’s my pleasure
  D.my pleasure
  ( )16.—I hope yon don’t mind my
  pointing out your mistake.
  —______.
  A.Not at all
  B.Yon’re welcome
  C.Of course
  D.It’s a pleasure
  ( )17.—What is your uncle like?
  A.He’s a driver
  B.He’s thirty
  C.He’s tall and thin
  D.He’s Li Ming
  ( )18.—I’m sorry to take your umbrella
  by mistake.
  A.Not at all
  B.You’re welcome
  C.That’s right
  D.It doesn’t matter
  ( )19.—______?
  —It’s ten dollars.
  A.How about the dictionary
  B.How much is the dictionary
  C.Can I help you
  D.Where is the dictionary
  ( )20.—How about a cup of coffee?
  —______.
  A.Yes,I want it
  B.Help yourself
  C.OK,thanks
  D.Me,too
  
  二、根据对话内容,在每个空格内填上一个适当的单词,使对话完整、通顺。
  
  (A)
  A:Exeuse me,could you tell me the(21)______to the Teenagers Center Club?
  B:Go along this road and(22)______thefourth turning on the right;then turnleft(23)______the second crossing;then…
  A:Oh,sorry,I can’t remember.Could Itake a(24)______?
  B:Yes.But you have to change twice(25)you take a bus.
  A:(26)______shall I do?I am(27)I’ll get lost.
  B:Don’t(28)______.I’m going there,too.But you need to(29)______for awhile.My friend Jenny hasn’t come yet.
  A:What luck!It doesn’t(30)______to waitfor a moment
  (B)
  A:Look!Many people are standing roundthe truck.(31)______is happening?
  B:Maybe it’s an accident.Is(32)______hurt?
  C:Yes.A man on a bike was traveling toofast while the (33)______was cominground the corner.The bike(34)______the truck and the man(35)______off thebike.He’s still(36)______on theground,and he can’t move.
  A:What a poor man!I’m(37)______tohear that.(38)______the policemencome yet?
  C:Yes,and they’ve already(39)______
  120.The doctors are corning.
  B:It’s dangerous to travel too fast.Wemust be(40)______.
  (C)
  A:Tomorrow is Saturday.What are you go-ing to do?
  B:I’ve no(41)______.What about you?
  A:(42)______we go skating?
  B:No,let’s go(43)______.We should buysome school things for the new term.
  A:(44)______.When(45)______we go?
  B:What(46)______a quarter past ten?
  A:It’s too late.Let’s(47)______it a littleearlier.A quarter past nine.OK?
  B:(48)______shall we meet?
  A:(49)______the store.
  B:No,it’s very cold outside.We’d better
  meet(50)______the store.
  
  三、根据对话内容。在每个空格内填上一个适当的单词、短语或句子,使对话完整、通顺。
  
  (A)
  (Alice’s mother is badly ill.She wishes totake a few days off from school,so she goesto her teacher,Mr Green.)
  Alice:Exeuse me,Mr Green.I’d like totake a few days off.
  Mr Green:(51)______,Alice?
  Alice:My mother’ill.I have to(52)her.
  Mr Green:Oh,dear!(53)______.Is thereanything that I can do for you?
  Alice:No,thanks.My mother has caught a bad cold.She has a high fever and coughs day and night.The doctorsays my mother has to be in hospitalfor a few days.
  Mr Green:I see.(54)______?
  Alice:I hope to be back next Wednesday.
  Mr Green:All right.But you must write anote for leave.
  Alice:I’ll write it at once,Mr Green.
  Mr Green:Don’t(55)______your lessons.I’ll certainly help you when you getback.
  Alice:Thank yon,Mr Greed.It’s very kindof you.
  (B)
  A:Hi,Jim,this is Tom.Tom,this is Jim.
  B:How do you do,Jim?
  C:(56)______?
  B:Jim,(57)______?
  C:I like football best.And you?
  B:Me,too.I often play football.(58)______?
  C:Twice a week.
  B:Shall we play football this Saturday?
  C:Good idea.(59)______?
  B:What about at the school gate at 9:00?
  C:It’s a little late.(60)______?
  B:OK.Let’s meet at 8:OO.
  C:See you later.
  B:See you.
  (C)
  (W—Wu Dong,L—Li Ming, P—Peter)
  W:Who’s that young man?
  L:That’s Peter.He’s from Canada.
  W:Oh,really?(61)______?
  L:He’s a businessman.Come on.Let meintroduce you to him.Good afternoon,Peter.
  P:Hi,Li Ming.(62)______?
  L:Fine,thank you Peter,I’d like you to meetmy friend,Wu Dong.
  P:Nice to meet you,Wu Dong.
  W:(63)______.Li Ming told me you’refrom Canada.
  P:Right.
  W:(64)______?
  P:For about one year.
  W:(65)______?
  P:Yes,but I can speak only a little Chinese.
  
  四、从方框内选用适当的句子完成对话。其中有一项是多余的。
  
  (A)
  A:(66)______?
  B:I had a bad morning.
  A:(67)______?
  B:I overslept.
  A:(68)______?
  B:Yes.By the time I went outside,the bushad already left.
  A:(69)______?
  B:I ran all the way to school.
  A:(70)______?
  B:When I got to school,I realized I had left myback pack at home You see!What a badday!
  A.Were you late for the bus
  B. When did you get to school
  C.Why are you unhappy today
  D.And then
  E.How did you go to SChool then
  F.What happened
  
  (B)
  A:(71)______?
  B:Flight 496? No,it’s running twenty mi-nutes behind.It should arrive on thefield at nine twenty five Probably Gate 34.
  A:(72)______.
  B:May I look at your ticket,please?Haveyou confirmed(确认)your reservation?
  A:(73)______.
  B:Here we are,Mrs Johnson.Do you haveany baggage?
  A:(74)______.
  B:Fine.Let’s see,now.Flight 27 is righton time.You’ll be leaving from Gate 13.
  A:(75)______?
  B:No,madam.Just show your ticket to theboarding officer as you get on the plane.The rest is our job.Have a good trip,Mrs Johnson.
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